lerobot-clone/docs/source/multi_gpu_training.mdx

# Multi-GPU Training

This guide shows you how to train policies on multiple GPUs using [Hugging Face Accelerate](https://huggingface.co/docs/accelerate).

## Installation

First, ensure you have accelerate installed:

```bash
pip install accelerate
```

Or install it with the LeRobot accelerate extra:

```bash
pip install lerobot[accelerate]
```

## Configuration (Optional)

You can optionally configure accelerate for your hardware setup by running:

```bash
accelerate config
```

This interactive setup will ask you questions about your training environment (number of GPUs, mixed precision settings, etc.) and saves the configuration for future use. For a simple multi-GPU setup on a single machine, you can use these recommended settings:

- Compute environment: This machine
- Number of machines: 1
- Number of processes: (number of GPUs you want to use)
- GPU ids to use: (leave empty to use all)
- Mixed precision: fp16 or bf16 (recommended for faster training)

**Note:** You can skip this step and specify parameters directly in the launch command (see Option 1 below).

## Training with Multiple GPUs

You can launch training in two ways:

### Option 1: Without config (specify parameters directly)

You can specify all parameters directly in the command without running `accelerate config`:

```bash
accelerate launch \
  --multi_gpu \
  --num_processes=2 \
  --mixed_precision=fp16 \
  $(which lerobot-train) \
  --dataset.repo_id=${HF_USER}/my_dataset \
  --policy.type=act \
  --policy.repo_id=${HF_USER}/my_trained_policy \
  --output_dir=outputs/train/act_multi_gpu \
  --job_name=act_multi_gpu \
  --wandb.enable=true
```

**Key accelerate parameters:**

- `--multi_gpu`: Enable multi-GPU training
- `--num_processes=2`: Number of GPUs to use
- `--mixed_precision=fp16`: Use fp16 mixed precision (or `bf16` if supported)

### Option 2: Using accelerate config

If you prefer to save your configuration, run `accelerate config` once and then simply launch with:

```bash
accelerate launch $(which lerobot-train) \
  --dataset.repo_id=${HF_USER}/my_dataset \
  --policy.type=act \
  --policy.repo_id=${HF_USER}/my_trained_policy \
  --output_dir=outputs/train/act_multi_gpu \
  --job_name=act_multi_gpu \
  --wandb.enable=true
```

## How It Works

When you launch training with accelerate:

1. **Automatic detection**: LeRobot automatically detects if it's running under accelerate
2. **Data distribution**: Your batch is automatically split across GPUs
3. **Gradient synchronization**: Gradients are synchronized across GPUs during backpropagation
4. **Single process logging**: Only the main process logs to wandb and saves checkpoints

## Mixed Precision Training

For faster training, you can enable mixed precision (fp16 or bf16). This is configured during `accelerate config` or by passing `--mixed_precision=fp16` to `accelerate launch`. LeRobot's `use_amp` setting is automatically handled when using accelerate.

## Notes

- The `--policy.use_amp` flag in `lerobot-train` is only used when **not** running with accelerate. When using accelerate, mixed precision is controlled by accelerate's configuration.
- Training logs, checkpoints, and hub uploads are only done by the main process to avoid conflicts.
- The effective batch size is `batch_size × num_gpus`. If you use 4 GPUs with `--batch_size=8`, your effective batch size is 32.
- Learning rate scheduling is handled correctly across multiple processes—LeRobot sets `step_scheduler_with_optimizer=False` to prevent accelerate from adjusting scheduler steps based on the number of processes.
- When saving or pushing models, LeRobot automatically unwraps the model from accelerate's distributed wrapper to ensure compatibility.

For more advanced configurations and troubleshooting, see the [Accelerate documentation](https://huggingface.co/docs/accelerate).